Track 2 Dialogue Canada-India October 3 2025

Summary Report: Canada–India Track II Dialogue: Strengthening the Strategic Partnership and Building Resilience Together

October 3, 2025, Ottawa Ontario | A joint initiative of the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada and the Council for Defence and Strategic Research (CSDR)

This second Canada-India Track II Dialogue took place at a moment of cautious optimism in the bilateral relationship. Following the June 2025 meeting between Prime Ministers Mark Carney and Narendra Modi and the recent reinstatement of high commissioners, relations have shifted from crisis management to a pragmatic phase of step-by-step rebuilding.

Discussions throughout the Dialogue, part of APF Canada's Indo-Pacific Initiative Programs, supported by the Government of Canada through its Indo-Pacific Strategy, underscored the need to translate the political thaw into concrete, institutionalized co-operation focused on economic resilience, emerging technologies, and energy security.

Main Takeaways
 

  • Institutionalize the reset. Establish predictable frameworks — regular ‘2+2’ or ‘3+3’ ministerial meetings, national security and law enforcement dialogues, and sectoral working groups — to give structure and depth to the relationship.
     
  • Anchor ties in economic resilience. View one another not merely as markets but as strategic partners in secure supply chains and technology ecosystems.
     
  • Restart trade and investment negotiations. Fast-track a joint economic impact study to inform renewed negotiations and investment, support public messaging on the value of such a deal, and identify early deliverables. Having eminent experts from both sides endorse and participate in the study would help raise public awareness and ensure targeted, credible messaging. 
     
  • Deepen technology collaboration through joint artificial intelligence (AI) research, semiconductor partnerships, and open-tech initiatives. The AI Action Summit in Delhi in February 2026 offers an important opportunity to engage at the highest level (Carney or his ministers could travel to India at that time).
     
  • Develop a Canada–India Energy and Critical Minerals Compact to connect capital, technology, and clean-energy innovation and expertise. Build critical minerals and clean energy linkages; develop a bilateral green finance facility.
     
  • Invest in talent and knowledge networks across universities, think-tanks, and the private sector. Expand research consortia, executive education, and reciprocal academic mobility programs to foster next-generation expertise.
     
  • Communicate the ‘why’ and ‘how’ of the partnership. A coherent public diplomacy strategy is essential to maintain momentum amid domestic and diaspora politics. Strengthen public diplomacy and communications in both countries to explain to the domestic populations why deeper bilateral engagement serves national interests.

Vina Nadjibulla

Vina is APF Canada's Vice-President Research & Strategy and leads the Foundation’s research, education, and network support activities. She also oversees the Foundation’s granting and research fellowships programs as well as development and capacity building projects. She is a frequent media commentator on geopolitics, Canadian foreign policy, and Canada-Asia relations, with a focus on India and China.

As an international security and peacebuilding specialist, Vina has more than two decades of professional experience in high-level diplomacy, advocacy, policy-making, and political risk analysis. From war zones to board rooms, Vina has worked with national governments, non-profits, and philanthropic organizations in Canada, the United States, China, and a number of countries in Africa and Central Asia.

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Erin Williams

Erin is Director, Programs, at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada, where she oversees programs related to Asia competencies and education and spearheads the Foundation’s Canada-Asia Young Professionals Development program. 

Prior to joining APF Canada, Erin supported the Canadian Member Committee of the Council for Security Cooperation in the Asia Pacific (CSCAP), a regional Track II security dialogue. In that role, she assisted with two Canada co-chaired study groups: one on regional peacekeeping and peace-building, and another on the responsibility to protect (R2P). She also was Associate Editor (with Brian Job) of CSCAP’s annual flagship publication, The CSCAP Regional Security Outlook. Erin has worked as an Editorial Assistant at Pacific Affairs and in the field of immigrant and refugee education in Minnesota and California.

Erin has a master’s degree in Asia Pacific Policy Studies from the University of British Columbia and a master’s degree in International Relations from Boston University.

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Suvolaxmi Dutta Choudhury

Suvolaxmi Dutta Choudhury is Program Manager for South Asia at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. She is a Doctoral Candidate in Political Science at McGill University and a former recipient of the prestigious Joseph-Armand Bombardier Canada Graduate Scholarship. She previously served as Course Lecturer in the Department of Political Science at McGill University. 

Suvolaxmi has a decade of experience in research, teaching, and writing on democratic governance and foreign policy issues in India, as well as development, defence, and security matters in South Asia. She holds an M.A. (Politics) and an M.Phil. (International Politics) from Jawaharlal Nehru University, India and has received training in conflict transformation and peacebuilding. 

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Tanya Dawar

Tanya Dawar is a Research Scholar with the South Asia Team at the Asia Pacific Foundation of Canada. She holds a Master of Public Policy and Global Affairs from the University of British Columbia, a Master’s in Economics from the Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, and a B.Sc. in Mathematics (Honours) from the University of Delhi. 

Tanya's research interests include international trade, environmental issues, and global politics.

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